Notes+and+diagrams+from+pages+573-577


 * ~ Student Name ||~ Image Posted from Online Source ||~ Notes and Caption for image(s) ||
 * Fakey McExample || [[image:geology1a-1:2.JPG width="384" height="267" caption="2.JPG"]] [[image:geology1a-1:1.JPG width="391" height="407" caption="1.JPG"]] || This picture shows kettle lakes that were created at a time in Earth's history when global temperatures were lower and a glacier calved and the ice that fell from the glacier was buried in the till and/or stratified drift. When the ice melted and the hole created from the ice filled up with water, a kettle lake was formed.

The second picture shows the glaciers and the direction the Pleistocene glaciers moved as they advanced across the surface of the Earth during the last ice age. You will notice that a lot more of the land is covered by glaciers in this picture, compared to the land on the Earth today. In addition, much of the Arctic Ocean was covered in Sea Ice. || || This Pie Chart shows the composition of the atmosphere. It is 78% Nitrogen, 20% Oxygen, 9% Argon, and ETC..
 * Dwight Alaba ||  ||   ||
 * Sami Allam ||  ||   ||
 * Woo Byun || [[image:250px-Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg.png]]

The second picture shows how solar energy gets distributed.6% gets reflected by the atmosphere,, 20% by clouds, 4% from earths surface,

51% gets Absorbed by land, and Left over heat goes straight up and out. || - Sunlight is also captured by the ground and a percent is trapped into the atomosphere - green house effect is known because greenhouses caputre heat well - the earths climate is changing due to the greenhouse effects - the book talked about the percents and the way the earth is facing that causes more heat to be captured. || || Coral reefs- warm shallow waters and form atop the hard material left behind by past corals Build their skeletons from calcium carbonate Manuscripts written for purpose of climate description Greenhouse effect- heats the atmosphere Air is a mixture of many discrete gases- not unique Dry air is composed of 2 gases- 78% nitrogen and 21 % oxygen Water vapor varies- has the ability to absorb heat energy given off by Earth as well as some solar energy Aerosols- tiny solid and liquid particles Radiation of electromagnetic radiation- part of a large array of energy 50 percent of the solar energy that strikes the atmosphere reaches Earth’s surface and is absorbed Atmosphere is transparent- shorter wave-length terrestrial radiation
 * Tracy Catello ||  ||   ||
 * Kasey Dann || [[image:Global-Warming.jpg width="292" height="250"]] || - With more snow, the sunlight gets reflected back more then with the ocean.
 * Rashid Haddad ||  ||   ||
 * Michelle Kloda || [[image:mk4.JPG]]

Greenhouse effect- once thought that green house were heated in a similar manner especially water vapor and carbon dioxide act like the glass in the green house gases natural mechanism of climate change is variations in Earth’s orbit Changes in the shape of the orbit are called eccentricity and plane of its orbit which is called obliquity The basic premise is that this suspended volcanic material will filter out a portion of the incoming solar radiation which is turn will lower temperatures in the troposphere 3 major volcanic events provided considerable data and inside regarding the impact of volcanoes on global temperatures: Mount St. Helens, El Chichon, and Mount Pinatubo Sunspots- the most conspicuous and best know features on the surface of the sun are these dark blemishes Each year the number of sun spots increase and decrease in a regular way- 11 year cycle ||


 * Carlos Martinez || [[image:http://s2.hubimg.com/u/157681_f520.jpg width="282" height="212"]] || this picture shows how the sun radiates its sunlight at our earth; it also displays how it's reflected and emitted by the earth.

- the earths atmosphere in a unique element or compound. -the amount of water vapor in the air varies considerably. -dry air is composed of almost entirely two gases. -all objects at whatever temperature, emit radiant energy. -nearly all of the energy that drives earths variable weather and climate comes from the sun. -large array of energy is called radiation or electromagnetic radiation. -the earths atmosphere is transparent to the suns radiation. -30% of sunlight is reflected back into the atmosphere -70% of the suns light makes it past the atmosphere. ||
 * Andrew Phillips || [[image:spacesuit_composition.jpg width="390" height="275"]]

|| This picture shows the different gases which are present in the atmosphere. Air is a mixture of many gases. Clean, dry air is composed almost entirely of two gases – 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Carbon dioxide has the ability to absorb the heat energy radiated by the earth and thus influences the heating of the atmosphere. Aerosols are the tiny solid and liquid particles found in the air. Aerosols can absorb or reflect incoming solar radiation. Many act as surfaces on which water vapor can condense.

Nearly all of the energy that drives earth’s variable weather and climates comes from the sun. When an object absorbs any form of radiant energy, the result is an increase in temperature. The atmosphere is quite transparent to incoming solar radiation. In this picture, about 50% of the solar energy reaching the top of the atmosphere is absorbed at earth’s surface. About 30% is reflected back to space by clouds, reflective surfaces such as snow and water. The rate at which an object reflects light back is called as albedo. ||
 * Rendell Pineda || [[image:rendell_pineda.jpg width="246" height="184"]]

|| This picture shows the composition of the atmosphere. It also shows the proportional volume of gases composing dry air, where nitrogen and oxygen are abundant. Using this can help better understand climate change because knowledge of composition of the atmosphere and the process by which it is heated-the greenhouse effect.

The second picture shows how solar energy gets distributed. 5% of solar radiation gets backscattered to space by the atmosphere. 30% of it is lost to space by reflection and scattering. 20% is reflected from clouds. Another 20% if absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds. 50% of it is absorbed by land and sea. 5% is reflected from land-sea surface. Given, more solar energy is absorbed by Earth's surface than by the atmosphere. The air isn't heated directly by the sun but heated indirectly from Earth's surface. ||
 * Antonette Puleo ||  ||   ||
 * Liliana Rzepecka || [[image:http://www.rebreatherworld.com/photopost/data/19/Air_composition_pie_chart.JPG width="255" height="199" align="left" caption="http://www.rebreatherworld.com/photopost/data/19/Air_composition_pie_chart.JPG"]] || This diagram shows the composition of gases that make up the air. The gases listed as "other" on the diagram are: Argon, Neon, Helium, Methane, Krypton and Hydrogen.

NOTES -air is a mixture of discrete gases, each with its own physical properties, in which varying quantities of tiny solid and liquid particles are suspended -air includes many gases and particles that vary significantly from time to time and from place to place -aerosols- tiny solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere -when an air pollution episode is occurring, or when ash fills the sky following a volcanic eruption, the amount of sunlight reaching Earth’s surface can be measurably reduced -nearly all the energy that drives Earth’s variable weather and climate comes from the Sun -total energy that radiates from the Sun, they are only part of a large array of energy called radiation or electromagnetic radiation -all objects at whatever temperature, emit radiant energy -hotter objects radiate more total energy per unit area than do colder objects -the hotter the radiating body, the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation -objects that are good absorbers of radiation are good emitters as well -approximately 50 percent of the solar energy that strikes the top of the atmosphere reaches Earth’s surface and is absorbed -when the gases in the atmosphere absorb terrestrial radiation, they warm, but they eventually radiate this energy away -greenhouse effect-the transmission of shortwave solar radiation by the atmosphere coupled with the selective absorption of longer-wavelength terrestrial radiation, especially by water vapor and carbon dioxide, resulting in warming of the atmosphere -volcanic eruptions might alter Earth’s climate -eruptions emit huge quantities of gases and fine-grained debris into the atmosphere ||


 * Olena Yousif || [[image:Greenhouse%20Effect.gif]]

|| Greenhouse effect causes the Earth to be warm. About 70% of the sun's heat makes it through that atmosphere and is used up by the oceans, plants, and land. The Earth cannot keep this heat, so it finally releases it. Resulting in the increase of the global temperature. Earth has a lower surface temperature than the Sun. Water vapor absorbs about five times more radiation than all the other gases. Most of the heat is absorbed by greenhouse gases and molecules to warm the surface and lower atmosphere.

Atmosphere is the envelops of gases that surround the Earth. Clean dry air is made of two whole gases; 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen. These gases are the most useful components of air and are the great importance to life on Earth. The 1 percent of dry air is mostly the inert gas argon. ||
 * Lisa Zarembski ||  ||   ||